在美國有"賣空大師"之名的對沖基金公司尼克斯聯合基金公司的創始人吉姆·查諾斯從2010年初就開始賣空中國股票。查諾斯曾憑藉賣空破產的安然股票而一舉成名。此次查諾斯目標是是世界第2大經濟體的中國。
日前查諾斯在接受采訪時說,"股市上有觀點堅信中國政府有能力解決問題,但我根本不相信。在現代經濟體系下,沒有任何一個國家的經濟構造像中國那樣畸形。"
記者:對中國經濟減速的擔憂越來越強烈?
吉姆·查諾斯:2010年初剛開始賣空中國股時,許多人都認為我瘋了。但毫無疑問現在的中國經濟增長正在進入一個調整期。股市上有觀點堅信中國政府有能力解決問題,但我根本不相信。在現代經濟體系下,沒有任何一個國家的經濟構造像中國那樣畸形。雖然根據定義會多少有異,但中國經濟中投資(固定資產)佔的比例高達5~7成,這是一個非常驚人的數字。就連泡沫經濟破裂前的1989年的日本,這一比例也只有3成左右。中國經濟過度依賴投資的情況非常明顯。
中國的貿易順差在持續縮小。如果投資持續減速,還有什麼能推動中國經濟的增長?也有觀點將希望寄託於個人消費,但個人消費還沒有強大到可以支撐起整個經濟的程度。到底該如何擺脫對投資的依賴?只能說前途叵測。
記者:很多人擔心中國會出現通貨膨脹?
吉姆·查諾斯: 雖然官方統計的通脹率在4%~5%左右,但不能完全相信。實際上,我認為通脹率已經達到2倍的8%~10%。如果把沒有公佈的物價上漲所造成的通脹部分考慮進去,比如中國政府所說的9%增長,實際上也只有4%~5%。所以說即使中國經濟增長是5%~6%,也會理解為經濟硬著陸的理由。這就是為什麼很多相關人士明白通脹要比官方數據嚴重得多的證據。
記者:哪些因素會導致中國經濟硬著陸?
吉姆·查諾斯:以去年夏季為起點,房地產市場開始收縮。先是公寓價格下跌,緊接著水泥和鋼材價格下降。現在的問題是房價到底要跌多少、跌多長時間。投機資金的流出不會馬上結束,房價還遠遠沒有跌到底。
人民幣匯率走向也不容忽視。在過去幾年裡,全球在不停地說"人民幣受到低估"。但隨著中國的貿易順差不斷縮小,我認為人民幣不會再繼續升值。相反,今後還要對人民幣貶值做好準備。如果人民幣貶值變為現實,就會導致已經進入中國的資本開始外流。這也是有可能發生在中國的風險之一。
記者:您還指出中國的銀行體系存在問題。
吉姆·查諾斯:中國的銀行就像是"空中樓閣"。最大問題就是一直推遲不良債權的處理。在1999年和2004年,由於信用危機金融機構2次出現了不良債權比例達到4成左右的局面。當時,中國政府是如何處理的呢?是由政府出資成立資產管理公司,將銀行的不良債權全部承接過來。而金融機構則買下資產管理公司發行的公司債券。
這只不過是一種會計上的把戲。我們應當認識到,資產管理公司的不良債權總會有一天出現損失,而持有公司債券的金融機構也不可能得以倖免。也就是說,中國的銀行存在嚴重的資本問題。中國政府也許應當感謝希臘。正是由於歐債問題,才使得中國的問題得以避免暴露在眾目睽睽之下。
記者:你認為中國何時會出現嚴重危機呢?
吉姆·查諾斯:並不是有特別具體的時間推斷。但今年領導層將換屆,人民幣匯率走向會特別受到關注,因此這一年將非常值得關注。另外我想強調的一個事實是我們通過賣空已經獲得了收益。在開始投資時,上證綜合指數在3000點以上,而現在降到了2500點左右。
記者:當前的中國股票投資情況怎麼樣?
吉姆·查諾斯:雖然不能列舉具體的企業,但我正在賣空以房地產和建築材料等為核心的股票。但在上海市場,外國投資者很難進行賣空操作。因此我主要是在香港H股市場上運作。另外,也在賣空那些在對華貿易中獲利豐厚的巴西和澳大利亞的鐵礦石礦山企業等股票。
必須警惕嚴重依賴資源的新興經濟體。國內市場規模尚可的巴西的情況還不算糟糕,但加拿大和澳大利亞就很危險。一旦中國出現問題,因中國資金流入而持續暴漲的加拿大房地產市場就將出現逆轉。澳英資源巨頭必和必拓高層今年3月表示,將考慮中國需求減速因素,調整鐵礦石增產計劃。我們需要認識到情況正在進一步惡化。
記者:對於中國的鄰國日本,您是否有投資的計劃呢?
吉姆·查諾斯:我在日本沒有進行任何投資。日本股票的熊市持續的時間太長了,我們根本無法賣空。存在深刻人口問題的日本在貿易上嚴重依賴對中國出口。如果我對中國的見解沒錯,日本在面對日元升值煩惱的同時,還將面臨對中國出口減少的嚴峻問題。
2012年5月17日星期四
黃金大好友轉軚
習廣思 信筆攻略
商品大好友羅傑斯江湖混得久, 未有停止過唱好金價,記憶中才兩星期前,還在呼籲買入黃金呢。但是,昨天乍見外電標題,指其預測「金價大跌40%至50%」。當然大家以為商品大王轉軚看 淡,再看內文,實際上他聲言繼續看好,但要等金價再跌四至五成後,才會再買入。紐約期金每盎斯1538美元,如果金價由此水平下跌40%,即跌穿1000 美元。如此悲觀預測,若不是轉軚看淡,其實又是什麼?
姑勿論羅傑斯看淡之說是對是錯,其分析點出導致金價(暫時)不再避險的兩大原因,其 一是印度政府自上月起大幅調高金條入口稅率,由2%上調至4%,變相加了一倍。印度政府上調黃金入口稅,理由是黃金入口大增,本財政年度首三季上升 50%,令到政府經常赤字壓力大增;然而,印度赤字未有迹象改善,這個情況短期難以扭轉。財政轉弱加上央行減息,印度盧比持續貶值,近期央行甚至需要入市 干預,但盧比貶值意味買金成本上升,也是印度需求下降的原因。其次,羅傑斯提到,歐洲正在傳出央行可能推出黃金可轉換債券。這個當然只屬傳聞,但當市場意 識到全球前五位的持金央行包括德國、法國及意大利時,她們要賣金套現的揣測又增添幾分說服力。
商品價全面下跌,皆因美元carry trade拆倉逆流,但金價會不會跌40%,至於會跌到幾時?一切視乎QE3而已,只要QE3一出,美元回落,金價再升。昨天提及金價短期支持是1500 美元水平,較長期是1400美元。不過,早已唱淡的索羅斯,其基金近期卻在增持黃金。如果只可二擇其一來信,你會信誰?
商品大好友羅傑斯江湖混得久, 未有停止過唱好金價,記憶中才兩星期前,還在呼籲買入黃金呢。但是,昨天乍見外電標題,指其預測「金價大跌40%至50%」。當然大家以為商品大王轉軚看 淡,再看內文,實際上他聲言繼續看好,但要等金價再跌四至五成後,才會再買入。紐約期金每盎斯1538美元,如果金價由此水平下跌40%,即跌穿1000 美元。如此悲觀預測,若不是轉軚看淡,其實又是什麼?
姑勿論羅傑斯看淡之說是對是錯,其分析點出導致金價(暫時)不再避險的兩大原因,其 一是印度政府自上月起大幅調高金條入口稅率,由2%上調至4%,變相加了一倍。印度政府上調黃金入口稅,理由是黃金入口大增,本財政年度首三季上升 50%,令到政府經常赤字壓力大增;然而,印度赤字未有迹象改善,這個情況短期難以扭轉。財政轉弱加上央行減息,印度盧比持續貶值,近期央行甚至需要入市 干預,但盧比貶值意味買金成本上升,也是印度需求下降的原因。其次,羅傑斯提到,歐洲正在傳出央行可能推出黃金可轉換債券。這個當然只屬傳聞,但當市場意 識到全球前五位的持金央行包括德國、法國及意大利時,她們要賣金套現的揣測又增添幾分說服力。
商品價全面下跌,皆因美元carry trade拆倉逆流,但金價會不會跌40%,至於會跌到幾時?一切視乎QE3而已,只要QE3一出,美元回落,金價再升。昨天提及金價短期支持是1500 美元水平,較長期是1400美元。不過,早已唱淡的索羅斯,其基金近期卻在增持黃金。如果只可二擇其一來信,你會信誰?
WGC:金價底線1300美元 未來5年需達3000美元
路透社消息,世界黃金協會 (WGC) 首席執行官 Aram Shishmanian 稱,由於採礦成本大幅攀升,未來 5 年金價需達 3000 美元,整個行業才能保持有利可圖。他又樂觀估計,長期而言市場對黃金的需求將會持續推升價格。
Aram Shishmanian 指出,金價應至少維持於 1300 美元,該水平是黃金礦產商目前的「生存底線」,因行業同時還將面臨礦業成本、龐大的股息分紅成本和東道國稅收急劇攀升等不利因素。
香港《文匯報》報導, Aram Shishmanian 相信,黃金未來的需求將來自新興市場、各國央行及投資者,尤其是新興市場,「持有數以十億計的美元對這些國家沒有助益,潛在替代是黃金」,又稱當前中國和印度的需求已佔全球金市的55%。
至於由黃金支持的上市交易基金 (ETF) , Aram Shishmanian 透露,全球當前持倉量約 1200 億美元,但只是「冰山一角」,因為美國養老基金尚未持有大量黃金,他認為這一狀況未來 20 年將會改變。
金價去年 9 月曾創下 1923 美元的有史以來新高紀錄,之後反覆下滑,去年 12 月 31 日現貨金收盤報 1566 美元。進入 2012 年後,金價再次攀升,於 2 月 29 日升至 1790 美元的高位,累計漲幅超過 14% 。不過,隨著歐債危機的惡化和中國經濟的放緩,大量資金爭相湧向美元避險,金價於 5 月初跌破 1600 美元關口。
截至昨晚 7 點,現貨金報 1560 美元,較前一個交易日微跌 0.03% ,今年以來的漲幅已全部回吐。
Aram Shishmanian 指出,金價應至少維持於 1300 美元,該水平是黃金礦產商目前的「生存底線」,因行業同時還將面臨礦業成本、龐大的股息分紅成本和東道國稅收急劇攀升等不利因素。
至於由黃金支持的上市交易基金 (ETF) , Aram Shishmanian 透露,全球當前持倉量約 1200 億美元,但只是「冰山一角」,因為美國養老基金尚未持有大量黃金,他認為這一狀況未來 20 年將會改變。
金價去年 9 月曾創下 1923 美元的有史以來新高紀錄,之後反覆下滑,去年 12 月 31 日現貨金收盤報 1566 美元。進入 2012 年後,金價再次攀升,於 2 月 29 日升至 1790 美元的高位,累計漲幅超過 14% 。不過,隨著歐債危機的惡化和中國經濟的放緩,大量資金爭相湧向美元避險,金價於 5 月初跌破 1600 美元關口。
截至昨晚 7 點,現貨金報 1560 美元,較前一個交易日微跌 0.03% ,今年以來的漲幅已全部回吐。
Silver Production to Decline if Prices Remain Below $30, Exacerbating Shortage
http://www.silverdoctors.com
US SILVER CORP NET INCOME DECLINES Q1 2012
Just like I mentioned in my 2011 COMPLETE COST post, if the price of silver keeps falling, these silver miners are going to start to lose money. US Silver Corp produced more silver in the first 3 months of 2012 then they did in same period in 2011. Just look at their COST OF SALES. They actually made almost $4 million more in total revenue, but the NET INCOME has now fallen 32% over the first 3 months of 2011.
Look at this GEM from their Q1 2012 REPORT:
-SRSrocco
US SILVER CORP NET INCOME DECLINES Q1 2012
Just like I mentioned in my 2011 COMPLETE COST post, if the price of silver keeps falling, these silver miners are going to start to lose money. US Silver Corp produced more silver in the first 3 months of 2012 then they did in same period in 2011. Just look at their COST OF SALES. They actually made almost $4 million more in total revenue, but the NET INCOME has now fallen 32% over the first 3 months of 2011.
Look at this GEM from their Q1 2012 REPORT:
- Realized silver price decreased to $33.29 in Q1 2012 compared to $37.60 in Q1-2011
- Cash Costs increased to $21.06 in Q1-2012 from $17.97 in Q1-2011 due to increased operating costs including rehabilitation work and lower than targeted production in the quarter.
-SRSrocco
Gold and silver still the best protection against the derivatives blow up that started with JP Morgan’s loss
http://www.silverseek.com/
The immediate reaction to the $2 billion and counting loss at JP Morgan has been a flight from risk trades and a sell-off of all financial assets, gold and silver included. However, investors ought to pause for thought about what this really means for the future.
If JP Morgan cannot get the derivatives market right what hope is there for any mere mortal. These are the guys that write the derivatives and ought to know best how to trade them.
Derivatives mountain
The global derivatives market is worth a multiple of many times global GDP. Gold guru Jim Sinclair has often pointed out that the perilous situation in the global derivatives market guarantees that money printing will have to move to a much higher level. This is where the global debt mountains are submerged and the only way to keep them underwater is to pile paper money on top.
Those selling gold and silver for paper money are making the wrong trade. They should be buying more at these low prices. All the risk is to the upside and trying to time a short-term market bottom and missing the uplift is likely to be far more costly than simply sitting this out or buying now.
For how long will it be now before the derivatives volcano errupts? It cannot be very long. The Greek exit from the euro which will almost certainly follow another election is not yet priced into financial markets. How can it be? Nobody knows how this will play out.
This is very reminiscent of the Lehman downfall that markets were supposed to have priced in before it happened. We know from the 2008-9 financial crash that markets had done no such thing. Is Greece another Lehman? Well the warning has been there for so long nobody is taking any notice anymore.
The 2008-9 precedent would be for enormous money printing in the wake of a eurozone financial blow-up. Really the authorities would have no other policy option and even the Germans would understand it by then.
Debt upon debt
Trading derivatives in a volatile financial market situation becomes inherently perilous because this mainly entails using leverage upon leverage. One slip and your equity is gone and the debt remains. Derivatives are the very epicentre of everything that has gone wrong with the global financial system in recent decades.
Only when this house of cards has fallen can things be put back together again. It will be done. Mankind has survived world wars, revolutions, plagues and depressions before. But don’t imagine it will be easy, except for the owners of precious metals whose assets will have enormous buying power in the final stages of this crisis.
Gold and silver are still the best protection against the derivatives blow up that has started with JP Morgan’s loss. You want to hold real assets, not paper money and its derivatives.
The immediate reaction to the $2 billion and counting loss at JP Morgan has been a flight from risk trades and a sell-off of all financial assets, gold and silver included. However, investors ought to pause for thought about what this really means for the future.
If JP Morgan cannot get the derivatives market right what hope is there for any mere mortal. These are the guys that write the derivatives and ought to know best how to trade them.
Derivatives mountain
The global derivatives market is worth a multiple of many times global GDP. Gold guru Jim Sinclair has often pointed out that the perilous situation in the global derivatives market guarantees that money printing will have to move to a much higher level. This is where the global debt mountains are submerged and the only way to keep them underwater is to pile paper money on top.
Those selling gold and silver for paper money are making the wrong trade. They should be buying more at these low prices. All the risk is to the upside and trying to time a short-term market bottom and missing the uplift is likely to be far more costly than simply sitting this out or buying now.
For how long will it be now before the derivatives volcano errupts? It cannot be very long. The Greek exit from the euro which will almost certainly follow another election is not yet priced into financial markets. How can it be? Nobody knows how this will play out.
This is very reminiscent of the Lehman downfall that markets were supposed to have priced in before it happened. We know from the 2008-9 financial crash that markets had done no such thing. Is Greece another Lehman? Well the warning has been there for so long nobody is taking any notice anymore.
The 2008-9 precedent would be for enormous money printing in the wake of a eurozone financial blow-up. Really the authorities would have no other policy option and even the Germans would understand it by then.
Debt upon debt
Trading derivatives in a volatile financial market situation becomes inherently perilous because this mainly entails using leverage upon leverage. One slip and your equity is gone and the debt remains. Derivatives are the very epicentre of everything that has gone wrong with the global financial system in recent decades.
Only when this house of cards has fallen can things be put back together again. It will be done. Mankind has survived world wars, revolutions, plagues and depressions before. But don’t imagine it will be easy, except for the owners of precious metals whose assets will have enormous buying power in the final stages of this crisis.
Gold and silver are still the best protection against the derivatives blow up that has started with JP Morgan’s loss. You want to hold real assets, not paper money and its derivatives.
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