2013年4月6日星期六

BitCoins與香港天線

最近金價不振的一個原因:唔少人信 bitcoin 夠安全, 保密 (方便洗黑錢 , 易蹺過外匯及資金管制) 及其官網公佈之流通量, 尤其是有錢存響菜譜老師銀行既.


How does Bitcoin work? http://bitcoin.org/en/how-it-works

http://www.businessweek.com/articles/20 ... safe-haven


How is this different from PayPal (EBAY)?

In theory anyone could run his own version of PayPal on a server and use that to transfer funds between parties. But he’d also need to handle world currencies, deal with security, and handle regulations. Similarly, physical banks promise protections above and beyond stuffing cash in a mattress or dropping it off in paper bags. Financial institutions commodify trust—it’s not their money, after all. It’s yours. Yet you trust them more than you trust yourself.

Bitcoin shrugs all this off. It’s not pegged to anything, and there are no regulations. It’s a supercomputer-size chore to counterfeit. The key thing to understand is that there’s no bank, no Federal Reserve, in the middle. It’s not unlike an exchange-traded fund (for example, FORX, from Pimco)—a mix of non-U.S. currencies—designed as a hedge against the dollar. Bitcoin is a hedge against the entire global currency system. And no exchange is needed, unless you want to convert your Bitcoin into an actual hard currency.

Bitcoin is no more arbitrary than derivatives or credit default swaps. Given that regular folks, if they’re nerdy and interested in Bitcoins, can use the currency for all manner of things, including illegal things, it’s arguably a far less arbitrary instrument.



BitCoins與香港天線

傳說中,每逢股災爆發前,都有「妖股」作祟,如1973 年的香港天線,1987 年上市夭折的大富豪, 2000 年的科網股。今時今日,補習社、茶餐廳和當舖,其實都是正行實業,並不夠妖。不過,中外投資者大炒特炒的電子貨幣BitCoins(BTC),卻似乎滲出妖味,令人擔心。

別以為這是打機宅男的玩意,參與交易的,多是高盛和大摩等大行操盤手,流通市值逾120億元。本港也有外滙炒家部分移師24 小時炒BTC,勝在毋須手續費和佣金,價位升一格就賺一格。

BTC 於2009 年創辦,原作為網上交易的貨幣,但之後愈來愈受歡迎,逐漸涵蓋了現實交易和儲備功能,除了沒有實體幣鈔,跟普通的貨幣無異。發行量受嚴格控制,按算式慢速增長,且在網站上公開,由最初的1000 萬單位,至今增至1099 萬。近年各國大量印鈔,BTC 的發行量相對上非常穩定。另外,交易全在網上進行,不受政府監管,吸引非法行為。例如,在內地用人民幣買進BTC,再在港用港元賣出,就逃過外滙管制,還可洗黑錢和隱瞞財產。FBI發現有毒品交易以BTC 進行,卡內基大學估計去年黑市交易額達2200萬美元。

儘管有這麼多「好處」,但滙價在近一個星期突然飆升逾倍,引人注目。瑞銀分析員Art Cashin 給客戶的電郵指出:「這可能是我們這時代的鬱金香狂熱,正目睹泡沫形成。」鬱金香對港人可能太過遙遠,香港天線則一定印象深刻。

該股甫上市即大升逾30 倍,但三個月後跌停牌,最後破產,成為73 股災的標誌。BTC、鬱金香和香港天線的共通點,是大多數人不了解其實質價值,追捧只為狂熱。

有別於傳統貨幣,BTC 背後並無央行和政府支撐。喬治城大學商學院教授Jim Angel 認為:「現在買BTC 的人全憑信念,可能有一個壞消息就崩潰。」隨着流通總值愈來愈大,一旦爆煲,將蒸發幾百億元財富,有條件成為黑天鵝或「妖股」。


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高天佑
2013-04

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