2012年6月29日星期五

美國Stockton 市破產

楊衛隆, 

美國加州Stockton市在星期二宣佈破產,是美國歷史上最大規模的城市破產。Stockton市即時停止債券還款。

說到欠款,Stockton市總欠債約7億美元,不算多,但是,美國的地方政府債券總金額達到37,000億美元,絕對比得上德國的GDP。Stockton市的緊縮亦嚴厲過希臘。過去兩三年,市政府劈掉一半公務員職位,1/3消防員和1/4警察。

Stockton市人口約30萬,在三藩市東南面約80英哩,即是大約130公里,由三藩市開車到Stockton需要約兩小時

Stockton市的最大經濟問題是樓價暴跌,但是各位不要以為那是金融海嘯時候的事。該市的斷供收樓潮高峰期是去年。2008年第一季,Stockton市是每30個住宅,有一宗收樓,去年是每18個住宅有一宗。

根據Zillow 住宅價格指數Zillow Home Value Index,Stockton市現在的住宅價格是12萬美元,2005年11月高峰期是37萬6千美元,對比高峰期,跌了超過6成。

三藩市樓價高峰期是78萬,現在約67萬,下跌不足兩成。其他灣區城市也是差不多,San Mateo市樓價高峰期是80萬現在是60萬。

參考資料:
http://www.zillow.com/local-info/CA-Stockton-home-value/r_7266/
從地產公司的方盤可以看到,Stockton市的頂級房產只是開價約70萬,即使幾英畝大的豪華大宅、有7個睡房,樓面面積一萬呎,叫價也是約70萬。

以下的放盤資料,五睡房大宅,土地面積1.54英畝、樓面面5,150平方呎,叫價71萬,按下larger photos 可以看到很多住宅的照片︰
http://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-detail/9840-Oakwilde-Ave_Stockton_CA_95212_M10121-49406?source=web

如果想買便宜的住宅,這裡很多,兩萬美元有交易。
以來的放盤資料,叫價2萬5千美元,按下larger photos 可以看到很多住宅的照片︰
http://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-detail/6706-Tam-O-Shanter-Dr-Spc-80_Stockton_CA_95210_M16515-42183?source=web

如果想知道更多該市放盤資料,請按以下連結,按下larger photos 可以看到很多住宅的照片︰
http://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-search/Stockton_CA?source=web#/pg-3/sortby-1

這裡說的住宅物業不是那些流動房屋,也不是銀主盤或者短售,拍賣等交易,而是業主通過地產代理放盤的買賣。
這個城市除了住宅之外,幾乎一無所有,沒有三藩市的旅遊業,沒有矽谷的軟件工業。它沒有工作機會又離有工作機會的地方很遠。Stockton市的位置是加州大谷中央,以農業為主。2000年開始,Stockton市不努力搞好治安和教育,卻乘著次按的信貸泛濫,大力發展地產業,不是發展經濟。次按風暴爆發時,Stockton市的斷供收樓潮是全國最嚴重地區之一。

住在這個地方,找工作是最大困難,官方失業率一直維持約18%。實際失業率超過25%。因為失業率高,治安情況惡劣,曾經兩度登上福布斯的全美國最差城市。這件事告訴我們,開發大嶼山要先確保開發地區的工作機會,不要只是建造住宅,期望居民到區外工作。

今年年初, 加州人期望新的都市破產法AB 506會讓Stockton市通過與工會及債權人談判而避過破產命運。我替它埋過數,早就計算到它不能避免破產,因為赤字太大。今年的赤字大約2千多萬美元。不要以為這是小數目,Stockton市的主要收入來源--物業稅,一年只有約4千萬美元。事實證明,沒有錢還債,應該破產,亦只能夠破產,不要期望一條法律可以改變現實。現在,沒有人知道它的破產會否引發加州城市破產潮,更加不知道對美國地方政府債券市場的影響。

Weekend Report…A Comprehensive Look at The Chartology of Silver…


Rambus Chartology
 
 
26 June 2012
 
 
In the Wednesday stock report we took an indepth look at gold to see what the chart patterns were telling us. Tonight I want to look at silver as there is a chart pattern similar to the gold rectangle that no one is seeing at the moment. This pattern is very large and will have a major impact for the silver price going forward. Before we look at the bigger picture I want to bring everyone up to speed on the daily look that shows the chart patterns that have formed since the first of the year. The daily chart shows silver finally breaking down from the blue bear flag that has been forming since the middle of May. If you recall this pattern started out as a 5 point triangle reversal pattern that looked like it would workout to the upside when it had a big breakout gap on nice volume. The next day it gave back all its gains and looked like it was doing a backtest to the top rail of the triangle. I remember at the time, dragging the bottom rail up to the high made the day before. This showed you that silver could have a false breakout and to watch the potential for this pattern to morph into the blue bear flag that we now see as the correct chart pattern. Sometimes when you get a false move to the upside like silver had, and you can detect it early enough, you will get a good move in the opposite direction, in this case back down. The high point on the blue silver bear flag is what I’m talking about.
The thin red dashed line, on the chart above, shows the top rail of the triangle, with the big breakout that failed to materialize, and caught many traders by surprise when prices fell back below the red dashed rail.
This next chart is a weekly look that shows the blue expanding flat bottom triangle that no one is recognizing yet. You can see the bottom rail of this pattern is part of the big horizontal support zone, at 26, that has been in place since the end of 2010. I can’t stress enough how important the horizontal support rail at 26 is for silver. If silver breaks below, it will reverse it’s role and act as resistance on any rally attempt. You can see our little red bear flag that I showed you on the daily chart above that may be giving us a big clue that the bottom rail at 26 is going to fail. Another clue that the bottom support rail may break to the downside is that flat bottom triangles usually break through the horizontal rail, not always but most of the time.
Lets look at another weekly chart that goes back over five years to put everything into perspective. I’ve also added a downtrend channel that is expanding in nature. I’ve also labeled the reversal point for the expanding flat bottom triangle so you can see it is a completed pattern. You can also see the little red bear flag that has been forming on the bottom blue rail. If the bottom support rail breaks down I’ve extended a neckline extension rail that was made back in 2009 during the formation of that big H&S base that helped launch the huge rally to 50. The neckline extension rail would be the first logical place for silver to find some decent support.
The next chart I would like to show you is the long term look that goes back to the beginning of the bull market for silver. Its been in a very nice uptrend channel. The top rail off the major uptrend channel had to be moved one magnitude higher when silver went on its near parabolic run to 50. This is the same technique I showed you on the gold chart on the Wednesday Stock Report. You can see there is only one touch of the top rail that was put in place by the height of the measuring stick made off the upper black dashed rail. Silver could conceivably trade down to the bottom rail of the major uptrend channel and still be in it’s bull market.
The last chart I would like to show you leans toward the bullish side for silver. This chart goes back 30 years and takes in the top that was made back in 1980 at 50. There are two huge H&S bottoms that were made when silver was in it’s major bear market after the 1980 high. I’ve labeled each neckline on the H&S bases #1 and #2. First lets focus in on H&S #1 and how it fared. It broke the neckline in November of 2005 and reached it’s price objective at 19.92 in March of 2008. That high was made just before the 2008 crash began. As you can see the 2008 crash took the price of silver all the way down to just above 8 which was also the backtest to the neckline.
From that backtest low in 2008 silver started the rally that would take the price all the way back up to the 50 area. Now we need to focus in on neckline #2 that was broken to the upside in November of 2010. On the chart above I’ve labeled where we might see the backtest to neckline #2, brown area around the 22.50. The red arrows shows a 62% retrace of the entire bull market comes in around the 24 area.
Its going to be interesting to watch how things unfold and see if neckline #2 holds support like neckline #1 did. For me, this chart represents the most bullish aspect for silver because if neckline #2 holds, on a backtest, the second H&S base calls for a price objective to 130 or so. Stay tuned as things are really starting to get interesting for both the short term and the long term. All the best…Rambus

2012年6月28日星期四

Jim Rogers Bullish on Gold but Would Rather Buy Silver Today

  •  
  • “Gold is up 11 years in a row. Gold is consolidating now, a well-deserved consolidation. I own gold, I’m not selling gold. If gold goes down, I’ll buy more.”
  • He’s bullish gold will eventually go well over $2,000 an ounce but said corrections of between 30% and 40% are normal.
  • Rogers owns all the metals but said if he had to buy one today, it would be silver.


http://gold-silver-market.blogspot.hk

報導指出 摩根大通銀行「倫敦鯨」虧損可能達90億美元


http://news.cnyes.com/



根據紐約時報報導,摩根大通銀行(J.P. Morgan Chase )(JPM-US)原先預估約20億美元的信用衍生性商品交易虧損,現在可能大幅膨脹到90億美元。
該報導引述消息人士的話說,摩根大通已出脫了逾半數虧損部位,該銀行先前表示,目標在2013年初,出清全數部位。
該交易係由該銀行倫敦首席投資辦公室外號為「倫敦鯨」的交易員所主導執行,於5月10日首度曝光,該倫敦辦公室主管Ina Drew因此一事件而下台。
執行長Jamie Dimon亦因而於本月稍早,被傳喚至美國國會進行聽證會。

黃金或將迎來第四個大牛市

http://www.cngold.org/




近10年黃金三輪大牛市:

第一輪是從2003年3月320美元附近開始,至2006年5月於730美元結束的大牛市;

第二輪是從2006年6月540美元附近開始,至2008年3月的1032.55美元的大牛市;

第三輪是2008年10月681.45美元開始,至2011年9月的1920.8美元大牛市。

  
進入6月以來,今年一直萎靡不振的黃金一掃晦氣,在美國非農就業指數意外疲軟的刺激下,一天狂飆4%,一舉收復“千六”大關,同時創年內單日最大漲幅。
黃金暴漲行情是否只是曇花一現?黃金會不會像上半年一樣,跌回每盎司1500美元關口附近?在投資者疑慮多多之時,眾多分析師們已經開始鼓吹“黃金將迎來第四輪大牛市”。
黃金突然暴漲
今年以來,黃金市場波動劇烈,在2月衝高後,近3個月一直維持低迷態勢。尤其是進入5月份之後,受歐債危機等多重因素影響,國際金價一路下挫。
希臘債務危機愈演愈烈, 同時德國、歐盟和美國近期公佈的經濟數據也不盡如人意。在市場悲觀情緒的渲染下,黃金價格5月不僅失守關鍵阻力位1600美元/盎司,還最低跌至1524美元/盎司,接近去年年底1522美元/盎司的低位,創下了今年以來新低。
不過進入6月之後,在利好消息的刺激下,國際金價實現驚天大逆轉。
美國勞工部6月1日公佈的就業數據顯示,5月非農部門淨增就業崗位6.9萬個,創最近一年新低,遠遠低於預期。一些投資者據此推斷,美國聯邦儲備委員會有可能在近期推出第三輪量化寬鬆貨幣政策。在“印鈔”預期的刺激下,黃金從1日的每盎司1560美元附近重回1600美元以上,暴漲近4%,創出年內單日漲幅新高。
上海金業分析師認為,國際黃金市場在5月、6月出現瞭如此大的反差,與目前黃金市場主導因素有關。 5月是歐債危機陰影變相提振了美元,引導了金價下行;而進入6月,糟糕的美國經濟數據直接引起了市場恐慌,導致黃金再次被追捧。
黃金界首席策略分析師表示,如此快速而兇猛的上漲,唯一可推測的是,有大量的多頭黃金基金已經在開始抄底。他指出,COMEX期金8月份合約的成交量,當日成交30.6221萬張,創下近3個月以來的單日天量行情。
第四輪大牛市來臨?
黃金價格暴漲,一些黃金分析師也已急不可耐的“唱多”。眾多黃金分析師楊分析師們,已經開始鼓吹“黃金將迎來第四輪大牛市”。
分析師認為,目前即將開始近10年黃金的第四輪大牛市:第一輪是2003年3月320美元附近開始,至2006年5月於730美元結束的大牛市;第二輪是2006年6月540美元附近開始,至2008年3月的1032.55美元的大牛市;第三輪是2 0 0 8年1 0月681.45美元開始,至2011年9月的1920.8美元的大牛市。而目前即將開始的是將持續約3年時間的第四輪大牛市,將把金價推升到3000美元附近。
全球貨幣政策的寬鬆趨勢,是楊易君對未來3年內看高金價至3000美元的重要基本面依據。他認為,希臘退出歐元區不太可能。即便是要求西班牙、意大利、希臘等維持緊縮政策的歐元區,未來釋放流動性也將是必然趨勢,這豈不對長期金價走勢構成利好?
天一金行高級研究員的觀點更為激進。他認為,黃金市場這次價格波動是由於“換莊”而引發的,這種波動並不是“莊家”想要的最終行情。黃金金融及現貨投資市場的主要持有者從央行到散戶,再從散戶到基金和投行,整個過程將在3年內完成,但這一過程已經持續了十多年之久,金價最後的瘋狂或許將在2014—2015年間到來,其價格在目前的基礎上,上漲3到5倍是完全有可能的。
部分分析師認為,長期來看,美國的貨幣寬鬆政策、歐債危機長期化、世界經濟復甦不確定性、全球通脹壓力加劇等支持高金價的基本因素均未改變,而且年初發展中國家繼續增購黃金,同樣說明黃金“牛市”格局短期內難以改變。
黃金後市爭議不少
不過,對於第四輪黃金牛市即將來臨的說法,很多人不以為然,他們態度謹慎。
黃金的著名“空軍司令”巴菲特影響很多人。他近期在致股東的一封信中說,投資者應規避黃金。他認為,如果你現在購買一盎司黃金,將其珍藏100年,你將得到的只是有百年曆史的黃金。股票和農場比黃金更具價值。農場能生產農作物,上市公司能產生利潤,黃金卻不能。他舉例說,伯克希爾創立時金價為20美元,其股價為15美元,現在金價為1600美元,而伯克希爾的股價已經達到12萬美元。
貴金屬專家認為,相對於歐元問題長期化來看,本次刺激金價上漲的美國經濟數據,應該說是一個突發性因素,主要是影響了市場情緒,未來是否可持續,還不好判斷。如果美國經濟情況沒有進一步惡化,本次黃金暴漲就可能是曇花一現。
一些業內專家建議,在目前黃金前景不明的情況下,不妨以觀望為主,不要盲目追高。
黃金第四輪牛市是否即將到來,也許只有時間才能給我們一個答案。

2011 COMPLETE COST FOR MINING SILVER

2010 Year
MY BALLPARK FORMULA FOR CALCULATING COMPLETE MINING COSTS FOR SILVER

Last year, I wrote an article titled THE COMPLETE COST OF MINING SILVER.  In it I used a quick formula to figure what a more true cost would be for an ounce of silver than the CASH COST. This is an update of the complete cost for mining silver in 2011.

Miners use the CASH COST to compare just how cheap it is to mine silver.

They arrive at their CASH COST by adding all the by-product revenue against an ounce of silver.  For example, if a miner has some Gold, Lead and Zinc in a ton of ore, they take the revenue received from those by-product credits and get an INSANELY LOW CASH COST.  In 2011, HECLA had a CASH COST of only $1.15 an ounce for silver.  To the layman they would think that they would have all this wonderful profit – but they don’t.
Hecla actually had TOTAL REVENUE of $477.6 million with a NET INCOME of only $151.1 million.  You would think with such a low CASH COST that they would be making nearly $350-$400 million.  That is why I came up with my COMPLETE COST for getting a truer figure.
Before I put out the CHARTS… let me give you my DISCLAIMER.  After I came out with the article last year, I had several emails telling me why my formula was incorrect.  While it is true, that my COMPLETE COST is not the best way to get a accurate estimation, it is the simplest way.  I like KEEP IT SIMPLE STUPID — KISS.
First, this is last year’s formula for getting the Complete cost from HECLA’s 10-K:


And this was last year’s COMPLETE COST CHART for (4) primary silver miners:


I did the calculations for 2011, and this is what I found to be the COMPLETE COST PER OUNCE for mining silver at this time:


The RED LINE is the CASH COSTS put out by the Mining companies.  The BLUE LINE is my COMPLETE COST that I arrive by dividing the NET INCOME by the TOTAL REVENUE… this gives me a percentage of PROFITS.  I then take that percentage and times it by the average price of silver in 2011 which was $35.12 oz.  That figure is the PROFIT PER OUNCE for each mining company.
First hand, we can see that actual CASH COSTS for two of the mining companies in the United States (US SILVER-REVETT MINERALS) is actually very high at $17.50+.  I will take US SILVER for an example:
US SILVER CORP:
Total Revenue = $93.4 million
Net Income = $21.3 million
$21.3 mil / $93.4 mil = 22.8%
$35.12 X 22.8% = $8.00 PROFIT PER OUNCE
$35.12 – $8.00 = $27.12 COMPLETE COST PER OUNCE
————————————————————————————–
Now if the AVERAGE PRICE of SILVER had fallen below $27.12, US SILVER CORP would have started to get into what I call the BREAK-EVEN area.  I would imagine if we had $20 an ounce silver in 2011, US SILVER CORP would have had a NET INCOME LOSS.
Again, this is a BALL PARK WAY of getting to a TRUER figure.  As for by-product metals… we must remember, all mining companies are selling their by-product metals at market value.  Some have used hedges, or have a certain contracted rate (such as Silver Wheaton)… but they all do this.
If the price of Silver falls, so does the price for Lead, Zinc, Copper and Gold.  My method just makes calculating this figure simply.  I could spend hours comparing what the mining company PRODUCED and what it actually SOLD in metal ounces.  They always sell less than they mine, so to me it all evens out in the wash.
If the AVERAGE PRICE of SILVER keeps falling in 2012, but the COSTS for mining increase (which they have), these miners will make a lot less NET INCOME this year.

-SRSrocco

http://www.silverdoctors.com/ 

王冠一財經專欄:歐債風波仍在蔓延

在週四及週五的歐盟峰會舉行前,歐債危機仍不斷深化。德國總理默克爾重申其反對發行歐元區共同債立場,指有關建議屬「經濟上錯誤」 〔economically wrong〕,並會「產生不良後果」〔counterproductive〕,為憧憬歐盟峰會有實質成果的投資者澆了一盆冷水;著名投資者索羅斯接受《彭 博社》訪問時更指,若歐洲領袖於歐盟峰會未能應對金融危機,便會引發歐元區瓦解的風險。連串負面消息,促使歐美股市週一狂瀉。

週一一日 之內,有兩個歐元區國家相繼向歐盟提出援助申請,可算是一項紀錄。西班牙政府為國內銀行業正式提出救助要求,屬市場意料中事。早於本月初,西班牙已獲歐盟 批出上限1000億歐元貸款額度,為國內銀行進行資本重組。雖然西班牙未有提出具體救助規模,但獨立審計報告顯示,西班牙銀行業的實際資金需求為620億 歐元。西班牙亦已表示,希望在7月9日前確定協議條款及細節。

西班牙銀行體系百孔千瘡,乃眾所周知事實。銀行於地產泡沫爆破後貸款質素 不斷下滑,最新壞帳比率數字為8.72%,創18年新高,涉及可能壞帳金額高達1500億歐元。西班牙銀行近月頻頻成為評級機構開刀對象,惠譽剛於6月 12日一次過下調18家西班牙銀行評級,另一評級機構穆迪繼5月17日調低16家西班牙銀行評級後,週三再大刀闊斧地下調28家西班牙銀行評級,當中有4 家被連降4級、10家下調3級,而降級後最少有12家銀行已跌進垃圾級別。

塞浦路斯週一向歐盟正式提交援助申請,成 為第5個需要求援的歐元區成員。塞浦路斯已禁足於國際融資市場超過1年,過去半年亦只是靠去年底向俄羅斯舉債25億歐元去維持政府運作。由於延長貸款談判 失敗,在無計可施下被迫伸手,亦屬市場意料中事。塞浦路斯政府於公告中表示,求助是要令經濟風險受控,特別是金融領域對希臘經濟的巨大風險敝口。

希 臘3月進行史上最大規模債務重組,導致塞浦路斯第二大銀行大眾銀行〔Cyprus Popular Bank〕蒙受36.5億歐元損失,被迫要求政府助其進行資本重組,估計政府須為此耗資不少於18億歐元。數額雖不大,卻已佔其經濟產值比重約一成,令政 府更加無法完成削赤計劃。經濟學者估計,塞浦路斯需要100億去抵銷銀行風險敝口及來年到期的20億歐元國債。惠譽亦估計,不計入拯救大眾銀行部份,塞浦 路斯須向銀行體系注資40億歐元,佔其180億歐元GDP產值約23%。

惠譽週一把塞浦路斯的評級由BBB-降至BB+的垃圾級別,對 塞路斯更是雪上加霜,因為三大評級機構先後把塞浦路斯列為垃圾級,令銀行再無法利用國債作為抵押品向歐洲央行融資。歐洲央行上周五放寬抵押品要求,所需級 別由A-降至投資級別最低的BBB-,但經過今次降級,塞浦路斯銀行便會被拒諸「緊急流動性援助」機制〔Emergency Liquidity Assistance, ELA〕門外。

希臘經濟產值雖佔歐元區整體GDP約2%左右,其實於歐元區已是七哥,塞浦路斯的經濟規模較希 臘更小,僅及西班牙1/60,人口80萬,但其申援的意義仍然重大。歐元區17國有一半經濟陷入衰退,有5個國家包括四哥西班牙正式申請援助,三哥意大利 亦是歐豬高危成員;二哥法國經濟未見佳處,今年初已失去最高評級。大阿哥的德國經濟近期亦有急轉直下勢頭,上週公佈的6月PMI製造業指數創3年新 低,Ifo商業信心則跌至2年低點,自保已不容易,還要兼顧眾多窮親戚,毋怪乎市對對歐元區前景不看好,對周五的歐盟峰會亦不寄厚望。