2013年12月4日星期三

Bitcoin 隨時爆煲




一名工程師較早前棄掉一個已失效的硬碟,內存7,500個一種叫比特幣(Bitcoin)的虛擬貨幣,以該貨幣上周六升穿1,200美元計算,該工程師痛失逾900萬美元;事件看似瘋狂,但財政司司長曾俊華及「末日博士」麥嘉華均警告,比特幣沒有實物支持,呼籲投資者收取時應加倍小心。

一個比特幣於今年1月初僅值13美元,現時已達1,230美元,一年內升值約100倍,而金價上周五收市僅約每盎司1,250美元。

財政司司長曾俊華昨天於網誌以「虛虛實實」為題撰文,透露比特幣已引起世界各地政府、金融及資訊科技界關注,又指其價格急速上漲,主要基於投機因素,並沒有實體經濟、實物及發行人支持,不保證可以兌換成實體經濟貨幣或商品。

他又指出,雖然比特幣的交易紀錄公開,但無人可知帳戶擁有人的真實身份,而一人可開設多個戶口,不排除有人利用自己的帳戶自買自賣抬高價格,又認為比特幣日後的發展是泡沬爆破,或走出虛擬國度,現階段仍無人可肯定。

至於有「末日博士」之稱的麥嘉華接受CNBC訪問時稱,比特幣價格飆升,反映市

 場資金過多,直言不清楚比特幣價值多少,但肯定顯示大量流動性正湧入市場一個

又一個投機性區域。



附加 : 過去12個月比特幣兌美元201212 - 201312月)



過去12個月道瓊斯指數201212 - 201312月)


過去12個月恆生指數201212 - 201312月)



過去12個月黃金兌美元201212 - 201312月)


http://www.metrohk.com.hk/?cmd=detail&id=224234

珠寶行業內幕:K金搭扣按足金價格出售

 溫州商報 

商報訊(記者楊昊潑通訊員孫婭)近日,正在籌備結婚的永嘉消費者陳女士在某珠寶店購買了一款“千足金”項鏈,後來發現項鏈搭扣並非千足金。工商部門調查後發現,陳女士的投訴並非個例,非千足金首飾配件按千足金賣,竟是行業“慣例”。

陳女士表示,自己購置的這條黃金項鏈重達23.9克,按照310元/克的價格,共計7400元。銷售人員告訴她,這是一款純正的千足金首飾,黃金型號是999。 “拿回家後,一位朋友告訴我上當了,項鏈上面標有"Au900"的字樣,並非千足金。”陳女士要求退貨,被商家拒絕,就向永嘉橋頭工商分局投訴。

橋頭工商分局執法人員檢查完項鏈後,證實陳女士所說確實不假。對此,店家解釋說,項鏈上的“Au900”字樣是指項鏈搭扣,並不是指整條項鏈。 “由於千足金質地太軟,不適宜做搭扣,因此需要"AU900"這類K金來做搭扣,但是其和足金項鏈不會分開稱重標價,這是珠寶行業的慣例。”商家表示。

工商執法人員認為,Au900是指黃金純度不低於90%,因此並不能稱為足金或千足金,由於商家沒有提前告知消費者這一事實,在售價中,將其按足金價格來賣,顯然侵犯了消費者的知情權。最後,在橋頭工商分局工作人員的調解下,店家同意給予退貨處理。

韓國將於明年3月 開放實物黃金交易市場

據外媒週二(12月3日)報道,韓國已決定於2014年3月正式開放實物黃金交易市場,以改善全球交易的透明度,同時產生新的金融機會。
由於韓國政府意識到居民手中的實物金持有量幾乎是韓國央行(BOK)的7倍,同時為了逃避進口關稅和增值稅,大多數實物黃金交易都是在黑市進行,所以此舉也是為了令實物黃金交易更加規範化。
另外,為了降低實物黃金交易市場對散戶投資者的門檻,韓國交易所(KRX)將設立一個類似主要證券交易所以及二級KOSDAQ市場的交易系統。
整個交易時間段設在09:03am-03:00pm,單位交易量為1克,僅限於公斤條。
與此同時,韓國交易所還計劃提供與其他國際指標接軌的實時黃金市場價格。試運行將於明年2月10日開始,官方的正式開放時間是明年3月24日。

'China's rich always ask how to keep wealth in the family', reveals Ariane de Rothschild










Ariane de Rothschild, who ranks second only to her husband, Benjamin, at the legendary financial dynasty's Edmond de Rothschild Group, says rich Chinese friends and clients ask her the same question whenever she visits the mainland: how can you keep your family wealth for generation after generation? And how has the Rothschild family done that for centuries?
Her husband is a sixth-generation scion of a dynasty that started more than two centuries ago.

The group's vice-chairwoman, who was born in El Salvador, educated in the United States and lives in Geneva, told the South China Morning Post that the question raised by many rich Chinese families, which had gathered their wealth rapidly in the past two to three decades, or even in just a few years as part of the national economic growth story, reflected the urgent need for those families to get to the real meaning of being wealthy.

"China is already in that kind of debate about their roles [of rich families] in the society, their contributions to the society and so on, besides just making money," Rothschild said. "Now it's also about how they can change the country or change the world.

"A lot of Chinese families that I see [ask me] the first question 'how do you do it?' as now we pass on [the wealth of the Rothschild family] to the seventh generation."

In recent years, family wealth and succession have been a hot topic on the mainland, already the world's second-biggest economy after the United States.

This year, a new Chinese phrase, tu hao - often translated as "nouveau riche" or "new money" - suddenly became extremely popular on the internet, especially in various debates about how rich Chinese families became rich so quickly and how they should manage their wealth and contribute more to society, rather than just enjoying their own luxury lifestyles.

Rothschild said she believed there was definitely something her group could do to help answer such questions, and that was why she had decided to focus more on the Greater China region - the mainland, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan - where many rich families faced similar questions about family business successions.

"Now the second generation [of rich Chinese families] is very well educated in the US or the UK and obviously this generation will challenge the previous one [in the way they do business and what they are interested in doing] and the pressure will be even greater for the third generation," she said.

"The first generation is always struggling to make money, then the second generation's job is to keep the money and the third generation may have very different objectives," she added, noting that many Chinese clients turned to the Rothschild group because they felt at a loss about how to ensure that their second or third generations kept the family wealth.
The group has about 70 professionals in its Hong Kong office, which serves as a "Greater China hub" for its clients in the region.

The top challenge for Rothschild in Hong Kong, as elsewhere in the world, where it competes with other private banks including two Swiss firms with long histories of their own - UBS and Credit Suisse - is more than just seeking high returns on investments, but rather finding enough talent to take care of clients.

"We want to hire as many as we can, which is a big challenge," Rothschild said. "In Hong Kong, it's a very difficult market to attract talents.
"Besides salary and bonus, there's also corporate identity that people do consider.

"I don't have an upper limit [in terms of hiring] as the more we grow, the happier we will be to hire. You can see there is still room [in the office]."
The group's Hong Kong office occupies the top - 50th floor - of Exchange Square One in the heart of Central.

Rothschild said that because Rothschild was not a publicly traded company, unlike big American banks, the family business structure gave her more flexibility in terms of its headcount and budget for hiring.
Rothschild, who worked with her husband to reorganise the group's resources in the wake of the 2008 global financial crisis, said she recently set a target of increasing the assets under group management by 40 billion Swiss francs (HK$342 billion) by 2016. It currently has more than 160 billion francs in assets under management.

In Asia, China, Singapore and Japan were the three key markets which Rothschild was keen to take on, she said.

More Chinese clients had recently shown growing interest in setting up their own foundations and charity organisations, rather than just seeking high returns on their investments, Rothschild said, adding that she believed that was a good sign of the growing social responsibility shared by more rich Chinese families.
 
"After all, you need to know the meaning beyond money. Money for money's sake is not enough," she said, with that principle also reflected in the investment style of Rothschild, which is fully owned by the family, which was different from that of "big banks".

"People say you are so conservative [about investing] but my rule is to fight with those short-term contemplations to earn some quick and easy money," she said. "My objective is to keep my family business in an ethical and sustainable manner. "If you are a publicly traded company, I know there are a lot of pressures on returns, but I can take a conscious decision to say no."



http://www.scmp.com/business/banking-finance/article/1370541/ariane-de-rothschild-meaning-life-beyond-money

美國法院批准底特律申請破產,允許削減養老金

養老金都不保,

正所謂,出得黎行,遲早要還,





本週二,聯邦破產法官Steven Rhodes宣布,底特律市符合聯邦破產法第9章的相關規定,符合立即申請破產保護的資格。法官Rhodes指出,底特律市的財務數據準確無誤,該城市欠債高達180多億美元,無力償還債務。這是美國史上規模最大的城市申請破產保護的案件。

此結果大體在意料之中。此前,底特律工會組織和養老基金會的代表在法庭上反對底特律申請破產保護,以保護前底特律政府員工得到應有的款項。

法官Rhodes宣布,底特律有權削減養老金,法庭不會將養老金與其它債務區別對待。然而,“有權削減養老金”不意味著法庭會批准大幅度的削減。

下一步,底特律將遞交計劃,重新調整其180多億美元的債務,包括削減養老金和減少對市政債券持有者的償付。此前,Kevyn Orr被任命為底特律市應急財務經理。據彭博社報導,Orr提議:削減35億美元養老金債務,以及至少14億美元無擔保市政債務,將這些債務替換為20億美元的票據,底特律向債權人每年支付1.5%的利息。

法律專家Jim Spiotto在接受彭博電話採訪時說,底特律必須思考應採取何種行動來吸引企業入駐底特律。如果不能解決系統性問題,未來底特律只能重蹈覆轍。

底特律開啟了大型城市宣告破產的先河,未來可能有更多掙扎於債務的城市選擇破產保護。

2013年12月3日星期二

政府打壓黃金進口 印度家庭熔煉舊首飾當結婚彩禮

為緩解國內巨額經常賬戶赤字,緩和盧比貶值,印度政府此前已經出台多項措施限制黃金進口銷售,比如央行建議銀行不要向零售客戶出售金幣;要求進口商將黃金進口的20%押在海關保稅倉庫;同時將黃金進口關稅從2%提升至10%;禁止發放購金貸款等。
面對黃金供應吃緊以及隨之而來的高昂的溢價,印度人開始熔煉家傳的黃金首飾,通過以舊換新,作為出席親友家婚禮的禮物。
印度持續至明年5月的​​這個結婚季有71個結婚吉日,僅11月19日當天就有大約3.3萬場婚禮舉行,是今年結婚人數最多的一天,預計整個婚季有100萬對新人結婚。
黃金首飾是印度傳統的結婚禮物,包括吊墜、耳環、項鍊等,一般在5-10克左右,因此印度對黃金的需求總是很大。新娘的父母通常給的重量更大一些的黃金首飾,如項鍊或手鐲,通常不低於50克。
在孟買的珠寶市場裡,不少商舖掛著寫有“我們回收老舊黃金珠寶”的招牌。由於印度政府打壓黃金進口,印度的黃金價格每盎司比倫敦金價溢價125美元。
一位35歲的顧客帶來了手鐲和項鍊,用以回收再利用。他說道:“我的兄弟下個月結婚,我們需要給新娘準備珠寶。我們家覺得,給新娘子的禮物最好能用上我們舊的珠寶配飾,溢價就可以省5萬盧比(約合800美元),我們最終還能賺點錢。”
珠寶商稱,以舊換新的舉動或有助於讓印度民間大約2萬多噸黃金流通起來,這一數字約相當於印度央行黃金官方儲備的35倍。
另一位珠寶商預計,從本財年到2014年3月,大約會有400噸回收黃金進入市場,而根據路透的數據,常規數字大約為130噸。
全印度寶石和珠寶貿易聯盟(All India Gems and Jewellery TradeFederation)主席HareshSoni表示:“政府不鼓勵進口導致黃金的溢價很高。絕大多數消費者尋求以舊換新。”

哥大研究:中國真實通脹情況被低估

《金融時報》John Authers 撰文指出,官方提供的中國經濟數據真實性令人懷疑,研究中國市場可能需要更加客觀可靠的方法。哥倫比亞大學經濟學家Emi Nakamura通過分析恩格爾曲線的增提移動,發現我國目前通貨膨脹高於預測值,而消費增長則被高估。
“沒有人真正相信中國官方提供的數字。”
Authers寫道:

    
對世界各地研究中國經濟的人而言,首先面對兩個難以回答的問題。首先,是否經濟增長會持續,是否存在泡沫;其次,相關數據是否真實。面對第二個問題,幾乎沒有人能給出肯定的回答。連李克強總理也說過,中國的國內生產總值(GDP)的數字是“人造的”,不可信。
這些不懂中文的研究者們始終希望能找到一些更可靠的數據。有人通過電力供應來判斷經濟形勢。相比經濟總量而言,用電量不太可能被操控,某種程度上也能體現經濟形勢的變化,比如2008年底電力供應大幅縮水。
經濟領域中最重要的問題就是“增長”和“通脹”。奧瑟茲認為中國經濟確實如官方文件中顯示的一樣,保持增長,這個毋庸置疑。但讓​​人難以置信的是長期穩定的經濟增長,在長達二十年的時間中保持平均9%的年增長。此外還有中國特別低而且穩定的通脹率。
目前實際通脹比官方數字更高
以Emi Nakamura為首的哥倫比亞大學經濟學家的初步研究成果表明:我國目前的通脹程度被低估,而消費增長則被過高估計。九十年代的情況則恰恰相反,通脹被高估,消費增長實際更高。
該項研究以恩格爾曲線(Engel Curve)為基礎,研究實際通脹和消費水平的問題。恩格爾曲線以德國十九世紀後期統計學家恩格爾的名字命名,顯示消費者在收入與對某種商品的需求量的關係。根據恩格爾的理論,人們的富裕程度,與他們食品開支比例成反向關係;也就是說當人們越富有,花在吃上的錢相比總收入就越少。
然而Nakamura發現,收入水平並不是食品開支的唯一影響因素。恩格爾曲線會根據經濟情況整體移動。
根據官方數據計算得出的結果,90年代末的中國,恩格爾曲線整體下移,也就是說家庭的實際開支保持不變的情況下,食品開支反而減少了,這種情況在各個收入階層都有體現。這種現象的原因可能是因為國民的富裕程度比官方文件報導的增長更快,或者因為通貨膨脹在食品方面體現不強。
在2006-2008年期間,就在中國​​巨額經濟刺激計劃和美國次貸危機的前夕,恩格爾曲線上移——在同等收入的前提下食品開支增長——這標誌著通脹比官方數據更高,而經濟增長實際更低。當然這也可能是因為2007年養殖場豬瘟導致的豬肉價格上漲引起的。 Authers推測,因為食品價格上漲,導致其他方面的消費降低,中國政府因此有所“行動”。官方公佈的數據總是帶有粉飾色彩。
Nakamura的這項研究代入其他方面的消費,比如服裝開支,結果依然穩定。唯一的缺陷是這個模型只能運用於研究通脹與居民消費的關係,對研究投資無能為力。但是從Authers的角度而言,這對於分析中國的實際經濟情況已經有很大的助益。